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Nigeriana Okonjo-Iweala se torna 1ª mulher e africana no comando da OMC Por Reuters - R1 NEWS

Nigeriana Okonjo-Iweala se torna 1ª mulher e africana no comando da OMC Por Reuters

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© Reuters. A nigeriana Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala

Por Emma Farge e Alexis Akwagyiram e Philip Blenkinsop

GENEBRA (Reuters) – Três meses depois de o governo Trump rejeitá-la, a ex-ministra das Finanças nigeriana Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala recebeu um apoio unânime nesta segunda-feira e se tornou a primeira mulher e a primeira africana a assumir a diretoria-geral da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC).

Autodenominada “realizadora” e conhecida por enfrentar problemas aparentemente insolúveis, Okonjo-Iweala terá muito com que se ocupar na entidade comercial mesmo sem Donald Trump, que ameaçou retirar os Estados Unidos da OMC.

Como diretora-geral, uma posição que concede poder formal limitado, Okonjo-Iweala, de 66 anos, precisará intermediar tratativas comerciais internacionais perante um conflito persistente entre EUA e China, reagir à pressão pela reforma das regras comerciais e se contrapor ao protecionismo acentuado pela pandemia de Covid-19.

No discurso feito na OMC após a vitória, ela disse que fechar um acordo comercial na próxima grande reunião ministerial será uma “das maiores prioridades”, e também exortou os membros a rejeitarem o nacionalismo da vacina, de acordo com um delegado presente à reunião fechada, que foi realizada virtualmente.

No mesmo discurso, ela descreveu os desafios que a entidade enfrenta como “numerosos e traiçoeiros, mas não insuperáveis”. Ela deve tomar posse no dia 1º de março.

O delegado dos EUA disse que Washington está comprometido a trabalhar estreitamente com ela e que será um “parceiro construtivo”, enquanto o delegado da China lhe prometeu “apoio total”.

O comissário de Comércio da União Europeia, Valdis Dombrovskis, disse que espera trabalhar estreitamente com ela para impulsionar uma “reforma muito necessária da instituição”.

Veterana de 25 anos do Banco Mundial, onde supervisionou um portfólio de 81 bilhões de dólares, Okonjo-Iweala enfrentou sete outros candidatos defendendo a crença na capacidade do comércio de tirar as pessoas da pobreza.

Ela estudou economia do desenvolvimento em Harvard depois de testemunhar uma guerra civil na Nigéria na adolescência. Em 2003, ela voltou ao país para servir como ministra das Finanças, e apoiadores ressaltam sua postura rígida nas negociações, que ajudou a selar um acordo de cancelamento de bilhões de dólares de dívida nigeriana com as nações credoras do Clube de Paris em 2005.

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